Physiological Principles for Health and Social Care Essay

The circulatory musical arrangement is the carcasss rape frame. It is made up of a group of organs that transport blood through and throughout the system. The feeling pumps the blood and the arteries and veins transport it. Oxygen-rich blood leaves the odd side of the heart and sneak ins the biggest artery, called the aorta. The aorta growes into small arteries, which then branch into even smaller vessels that travel all over the corpse. When blood enters the smallest blood vessels, which atomic number 18 calledcapillaries, and argon found in frame tissue, it gives nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes in carbon dioxide, water, and vaunt. The blood, which no farsighteder contains oxygen and nutrients, then goes back to the heart through veins. Veins lend moulder products away from cells and bring blood back to the heart , which pumps it to the lungs to election up oxygen and eliminate waste carbon dioxide.Digestive ashesThe digestive system is made up of orga ns that break rase food into protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fats, which the body needs for energy, growth, and repair. After food is chewed and swallowed, it goes down the esophagus and enters the pay, where it is further broken down by powerful stomach acids. From the stomach the food travels into the small intestine. This is where your food is broken down into nutrients that can enter the bloodstream through tiny hair-like projections. The excess food that the body doesnt need or cant digest is turned into waste and is eliminated from the body.Endocrine SystemThe endocrine system is made up of a group of glands that create the bodys long-distance messengers, or hormones. Hormones ar chemicals that simplicity body functions, such as metabolism, growth, and sexual development. The glands, which include the hypophysis gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, thymus gland, pineal body, pancreas, ovaries, and testes, release hormones promptly i nto the bloodstream, which transports the hormones to organs and tissues throughout the body.Immune SystemThe immune system is our bodys defense system against infections and diseases. Organs, tissues, cells, and cell products work together to do to dangerous organisms (like viruses or bacteria) and substances that may enter the body from the environment. There argon three types of rejoinder systems in the immune system the anatomical response, the insurgent response, and the immune response. The anatomic response physically prevents threatening substances from entering your body. Examples of the anatomic system include the mucous membranes and the skin. If substances do get by, the inflammatory response goes on attack. The inflammatory system works by excreting the invaders from your body. Sneezing, liquid noses, and fever are examples of the inflammatory system at work. Sometimes, even though you dont feel well while its happening, your body is combating illness. When the in flammatory response fails, the immune response goes to work. This is the central take off of the immune system and is made up of unclouded blood cells, which fight infection by gobbling up antigens. About a quarter of white blood cells, called the lymphocytes, migrate to the lymph nodes and produce antibodies, which fight disease.Lymphatic SystemThe lymphatic system is also a defense system for the body. It filters out organisms that set disease, produces white blood cells, and generates disease-fighting antibodies. It also distributes runnys and nutrients in the body and drains excess fluids and protein so that tissues do not swell. The lymphatic system is made up of a network of vessels that help circulate body fluids. These vessels carry excess fluid away from the spaces between tissues and organs and return it to the bloodstream.Muscular SystemThe knock-down(a) system is made up of tissues that work with the adenoidal system to control movement of the body. Some muscleslik e the ones in your arms and legsare voluntary, substance that you decide when to move them. Other muscles, like the ones in your stomach, heart, intestines and separate organs, are involuntary. This means that they are controlled automatically by the nervous system and hormonesyou very much dont even realize theyre at work. The body is made up of three types of muscle tissue skeletal, smooth and cardiac. from each one of these has the ability to contract and expand, which allows the body to move and function. worn muscles help the body move.Smooth muscles, which are involuntary, are located inside organs, such as the stomach and intestines. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. Its exploit is involuntary Nervous SystemThe nervous system is made up of the idea, the spinal cord, and nerves. One of the most important systems in your body, the nervous system is your bodys control system. It sends, receives, and processes nerve impulses throughout the body. These nerve impulse s testify your muscles and organs what to do and how to respond to the environment. There are three separate of your nervous system that work together the central nervous system, the skirting(prenominal) nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the ace and spinal cord. It sends out nerve impulses and analyzes information from the sense organs, which tell your brain about things you see, hear, smell, taste and feel. The peripheral nervous system includes the craniospinal nerves that branch off from the brain and the spinal cord. It carries the nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands. The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary action, such as heart beat and digestion.Reproductive SystemThe reproductive system allows humans to produce children. Sperm from the male fertilizes the females pelt, or ovum, in the fallopian tube. The fertilized egg travels from the fallopian tube to the uterus, where the fetus develops over a period of nine months.respiratory SystemThe respiratory system brings air into the body and removes carbon dioxide. It includes the nose, trachea, and lungs. When you breathe in, air enters your nose or mouth and goes down a long tube called the trachea. The trachea branches into two bronchial tubes, or primary bronchi, which go to the lungs. The primary bronchi branch off into even smaller bronchial tubes, or bronchioles. The bronchioles end in the alveoli, or air sacs. Oxygen follows this path and passes through the walls of the air sacs and blood vessels and enters the blood stream. At the same time, carbon dioxide passes into the lungs and is exhaled.Skeletal SystemThe skeletal system is made up of bones, ligaments and tendons. It shapes the body and protects organs. The skeletal system works with the muscular system to help the body move. Marrow, which is soft, superfatted tissue that produces red blood cells, many white blood cells, and other immun e system cells, is found inside bones.Urinary SystemThe urinary system eliminates waste from the body, in the form of urine. The kidneys remove waste from the blood. The waste combines with water to form urine. From the kidneys, urine travels down two thin tubes called ureters to the bladder. When the bladder is full, urine is discharged through the urethra.