Oliver Twist Essay

In Oliver Twist bill of fare Sykes brings alarm to the novel, which adds to the suspense and makes you want to read on. Bill Sykes is brutal which you soon examine when he delights in beating his dog or girlfriend, Nancy. M each(prenominal) novels of this epoch were bountiful of such characters and Dickens, a playwright and an actor as well as a novelist, knew then well. The orphan Oliver Twist escapes from the workhouse by political campaign away to London.Oliver is introduced to Fagin who trains him to be a thief and he is then interpreted on a burglary with Sykes, Oliver recovers from being shot in the burglary and Nancy nurses Sykes back to full health. Sykes kills Nancy, which has a terrible effect on him, and he later kills himself. Bill Sykes brings the real terror to the novel but he is also passing unorthodox. Rarely he can seem quite a reasonable and now and again shows kindness to his dog and girlfriends, but gener everyy he keeps everyone in terror of what he is going to do next.We see manifest of this when Fagin says, You wont be too violent Bill? This statement shows that they have no trust in him. Bill Sykes also has a problem with alcohol, he drinks far too much, and this probably accounts for some of his unpredictable behaviour. We see evidence of his drinking problem when he says, to prevent my standing accost for a pint of so. This shows that he thinks that he thinks drinking is a treat and does not himself think that he has a drinking problem. Bill Sykes us the archetypal Victorian villain.To be a real villain Sykes must show no compassion for anyone and we see that on many occasions. When Nancy has suckled him back to health, staying up for nights flavour after him, he turns on her the effect he wakes up. This shows he is very ungrateful for any sympathy accustomed to him. Illness had not improved Mr Sykes temper, for as the girl raised him up and led him to a chair, he struck her . He is also quite ready to send Nan cy out to work and possibly profit from what she does. From all of this we can gather further evidence that he is ungrateful for any help he received.Sykes treats his dog very badly, it receives regular kicks and is threatened constantly. At one time when he was going to escape he contemplates killing, The dog, though. If any descriptions of him were out, it would not be forgotten that the dog was missing. Sykes is a typical ruffle who shows no remorse for what he does to others. We see evidence of this when he takes Oliver on the burglary with him and does not care whether Oliver gets injured. Sykes has no respect for Fagin and you can tell this by the way he speaks to him.You can see Fagin is afraid of him but Fagin does the likes of to have the last word. If Sykes does not get his own way he will turn to violence as we see with the arguments over Oliver, looking sternly at him, and ostentatiously passing a pistol into a more convenient pocket. Thats lucky for one of us. This shows again Sykes is unpredictable and a bully and brings more tension. When Bill Sykes sees Fagin, Fagin changes the tone of his voice at once. Fagin is obviously afraid of the physical strength of Sykes but Sykes is still funny of Fagin.

Creative Writing Essay

He didnt look anything homogeneous Id expected. That was when I realised something was wrong. Bad thoughts were rushing through my topic at a million miles an hour. I could hear and see nought for miles except for his dark outline. Confusion and worry was all I could signify and I could feel myself shaking. The footsteps were getting louder so I slowly back away, trying not to make it obvious. Why had I agreed to this, it had been urgency of the moment when Id been upset oer that stupid male child from math class. I should confine known better than to be so stupid. past he realised what was happening Sweetie its fine. take upt convey Ill look afterward you. his voice was lately exclusively somehow reassuring. For a second it calmed me down. He sounded so nice, had I jumped to conclusions? Maybe he was just worried about the age gap. I started to walk towards him and he got a beer out of his bag. Have some of this darling. He offered it to me scarcely that was one thing I knew to reject. I wasnt tone ending to be even stupider and drink alcohol in this situation.He dark towards the car and signaled for me to follow. behind I trailed behind with my feet scuffling along the floor as I considered my options. I was scared but I didnt pauperization to believe he would be horrible after how well we had got on before we had met. So I followed him along the path towards what I supposed(a) was his car at the end of the street. I felt in my pocket, my speech sound was there safely, it would all be fine. I can look after myself I remember thinking. If only I had known. When I reached the car we twain got in, with not a word uttered from either of us. He started the car and I plucked up the courage to ask where we were going. Wouldnt you like to know he laughed.He revved the car and off we went through the streets. My look started to beat profuseer and faster, it was out of control. I started to shake. My conscience kicked in. Stop Amber, request con trol. Please I dont think this is a practised idea, I want to go home I stuttered quietly. He laughed in my face. Please, Please. I shouted louder but he wasnt listening. We carried on driving. I noticed where we were driving to it was towards the abandoned warehouse on the edge of town.I was angry with myself especially for agreeing to cope with in the middle of no where, that should have been the first sign of something not being right. Who would have wanted to meet there unless they werent who they said they were. What shall I do? How do I get out of here? So many thoughts were swirling round my head. Then the car stopped. He started to get closer, his give way was moving down my thigh and his face was getting closer and closer to mine. I tried to move away but I could feel his warm breath on my face. He had his kick in clenched tightly onto my arm so I couldnt move. I kicked and he grabbed me even ruffianlyer. I could feel his sweaty hand moving up my skirt and under my ti ghts. I couldnt talk, I was frozen with fear.Then I dont know what came over me but suddenly I wasnt scared anymore. I spat as hard as I could in his face. His shock make him pull back, this was my chance to get out. I hit him as hard as my arms would let me, moved back and then kicked him in the face. I saw his hand move towards the lock button on the car. As quick as I could I pushed the door propagate and fell to the street floor. Grabbing my bag I got up and ran as fast as my legs could go. I could hear shouting and screaming from behind but I darent look back. He was running after me, I could hear his feet pounding against the street floor. I felt a hand grab my shoulder and push me against the floor.I think shes open-eyed up I heard people whispering around me. Slowly I opened my eyes and above me I could see what seemed to be a doctor and a man dressed in a suit. Amber, are you okay? Do you remember what happened the different day? The other day? Last thing I remember was lying on the street floor looking into those dark brown eyes. Then I looked to the side and I could faintly make out the body of a man asleep on a bed next to me. As they saw me look over they started to draw the curtain around him but not before I saw them. Handcuffs locking him to the bed. It was him.

Why Did Men Continue to Fight in Ww1?

wherefore did men continue to fight in WWI? The Great War was fought mingled with 1914 until 1918. It took the lives of millions of men and it is said to have had horrible conditions, the question still re chief(prenominal)s. wherefore did men continue to fight in the Great War? Was it because of their set in the troops? Did they fight because of their acquaintanceships in the army? Or were the conditions in the trenches not as problematical as people say they were? This seek will argue that, even though all of these reasons were very grand, the main reason men continued to fight was army chastening and comradeship.Army discipline was decidedly an important factor for wherefore men continued to fight. The army aimed to lionize soldiers as disciplined as possible, therefore they made concentrated punishments for misbehaviour. For example, if soldiers refused to walk through no mans land the punishment would be to be shot by a firing squad, the firing squad would be your own battalion. This would be done to increase the discipline of the rest of the battalion. They knew that if they were to decline orders their friends and comrades would shoot them.However, around five million men served in the British army during the state of contend out of all these men, 3080 men were sentenced to death still only 364 were actually executed. This evidence suggests that perhaps army discipline was not the some important factor, however, 364 men might have scared most men enough to not disobey orders. The conditions of the trenches were said to be exorbitant and devastating, however the British army had very high standards of cleanliness and they were aware of what the soldiers requisite to keep on trash.They aimed to keep morale as high as possible and therefore provided to a greater extent than sufficient amount of food, very satisfactory medical care, and tried to generally make the soldiers living conditions better. Efforts were made to keep the trenche s cleaner for example, rats were a big issue at the beginning of the war simply as the war progressed, they were quickly eliminated from the trenches. Lice were also a task so they fumigated, washed and ironed soldiers uniforms when they came out of the line. Since soldiers got taken care of, this was in spades one of the reasons they continued to fight, or at least made ighting more bearable. The men who fought in the war would often make friends in their battalions. This would definitely keep the men strong and able to fight. The soldiers did not want to permit their friends down, and they all wanted to fight for their fellow soldiers. None of them wanted to die, but it was worst to die alone without their friends. They fought to keep their friends and themselves alive, so they could bear the war in the company of people they cared for. Sometimes, soldiers became such good friends, they went mad if their friend died, or they would continue to see each other after the war.Comrad eship was a very important factor that helped them get through the war. You cannot generalize why men continued to fight. Different men fought for different things. But most men probably fought for various reasons. The fact that the conditions were not so bad probably helped men a lot, as well as beingness able to fight with their friends. But the fear of death by the bowl over of their friends was probably what drove most people to keep on fighting in the war. It probably also helped other soldiers encourage their friends to keep on fighting, and therefore army discipline and comradeship are the most important causes.

Ap Gov

AP UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS SYLLABUS C (American disposal Continuity and Change. ) INTRODUCTION Advanced Placement (AP) curriculum is designed to top students an uninflectedal perspective on political sympathies and authorities in the f any in avers. Students will moot both general concepts utilise to interpret U. S. politics and examine specific examples. The AP establishment melodic line requires students to learn facts and concepts and chthonicstand usual political processes.The course will require students to master diachronic and analytic skills, including chronological and spatial thinking, historical research and interpretation. Students will evaluate viewpoints presented by dint of major print and electronic media, understand statistical data and learn trends related to significant political events. Emphasis is placed on applying problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, version graphs and t subjects, organizing in defining, evaluating infor mation, and communicating orally and in writing.The course aims to help the student to get into effectively and democratically in the American political society break away OBJECTIVES This course explores the political theory and everyday practice that direct the day-after-day operation of our politics and shape our earth policies. The express purpose of this course is to prepargon students to carry on the AP Exam for U. S political science and Politics. The course is for all intents and purposes taught on a college level and it requires a substantial come in of learning and preparation for every class.The objectives of this course go beyond a elemental analysis of how our government whole caboodle. Students will develop a critical reason of the strengths and weaknesses of the American political system, as well as their right wings and responsibilities as citizens. In addition to described content, the course will also work to chastise important skills. They include ana lyzing data and writing and presenting written and oral arguments. In order to help students master the top executive to write a sober political science leaven the course will concentrate on the instruction of several substantial skills Effective writing style The ability to make arguments The ability to evaluate critically and to comp ar scholarly works The ability to synthesize political science data The ability canvas, interpret, and respond to stimulus-based data including charts, graphs, cartoons, and quotes The course will come home a large amount of content. The study of American Government is both historical and contemporary. Therefore, it is essential that students bear on aw ar of what is happening in the world.It is suggested that regular reading of newspapers and news magazines as well as the regular viewing of news broadcasts be maintained throughout the course. COURSE STANDARDS 1. Students explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American dem ocracy as expressed in the U. S. report and other essential documents of American democracy. 2. Students evaluate the scope and limits of civil rights and obligations as democratic citizens, the relationships among them, and how they argon secured. 3. Students evaluate the fundamental values and principles of civil society (i. . , the autonomous expanse of voluntary personal, social, and economic relations that are not part of government), their interdependence, and the convey and importance of those values and principles for a free society. 4. Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the tether branches of government as established by the U. S. Constitution. 5. Students summarize landmark U. S. despotic motor lodge interpretations of the Constitution and its amendments. 6. Students evaluate issues en seemering national, state and local elective offices. 7.Students analyze and compare the powers and procedures of the national, state, and local governments. 8. Students evaluate the influence of the media on American political life. 9. Students analyze the origins, characteristics, and training of different political systems across time, with emphasis on the quest for political democracy, its advances, and its obstacles. 10. Students formulate questions astir(predicate) and defend their analyses of tensions within our total democracy and the importance of maintaining a balance between the following concepts ajority curb and individual rights liberty and equality state and national authority in a federal system civil disobedience and the rule of police force freedom of the press and the right to a fair trial the relationship of religion and government. TEXTBOOK OConnor, Karen, Sabato, Larry J. American Government Continuity and Change eighth edition. Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2006. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS Matthews, Chris. Hardball. How Politics is vie Told by one who Knows the Game. Free Press 1st Touchstone Ed edition (No vember 2, 1999) Woll, Peter. American Government Readings and Cases.Longman 14th edition 2004. The Enduring Debate-Classic and coeval reader. C-Span in the classroom. Cnn. com/SPECIALREPORTS http//www. nytimes. com/learning/index. html on-line current events quiz uncomplicated Source Documents as selected by the instructor from the 100 Milestone Documents show at the NARA website http//www. ourdocuments. gov/ Articles from NY Times, relation backional Quarterly, Wall Street daybook, Christian Science superintend and other sources Collegeboard. com/ap website and various test preparation books. Quia. com- flashcard activities for key terms in each chapterYahoo. com/brief fountain- precedentPoint presentations for each chapter instructorweb. com provides all assignments as documents for student downloads. overly provides essential links for informational research, etc. Access for this syllabus. Summer Reading fill one book from list of current political viewpoints and is sues with lit log. turn around 8 articles from Op/Ed section of various newspapers. Watch and write cardinal reviews of political shows Hardball, Meet the Press, Washington Journal, etc. Oral book report for chosen book. whole I Foundations of join States Government (8 Weeks)Objectives What is the purpose of government? What was the founders view of the purpose of government and the role of the citizen in the American republic? How does the Constitution underpin the U. S. government? What was the impact of the enlightenment thinkers on the growing of the U. S. Constitution? In which ways did the framers deal with the following pluralism, commonplace sovereignty, republican ideals and elite theory. Students will explore American political culture and characteristics of American democracy. Reading schoolbook OConnor-Foundations of Government Chapters 1-6Chapter 1-The Political Landscape Origins of American Government What it is and why we need it Roots of American Governm ent Where did the ideas come from? American political culture and the characteristics of American democracy Changing characteristics of the American plenty Ideology of the American public Current attitudes toward American government Chapter 2-The Constitution The origins of a new nation The first attempt at Government the articles of Confederation The miracle at Philadelphia Writing the Constitution The U. S. Constitution The drive for confirmation Methods of Amending the Constitution Chapter 3-Federalism The roots of the federal system Governmental power under the constitution Federalism and the Marshall Court Dual Federalism The Taney apostrophize, slavery, and the Civil War accommodating Federalism the New Deal and the growth of national government New Federalism return power to the states. Chapter 4-State and Local Government The evolution of State and local governments State government Local government Grassroots power and politics traffic with Indian n ations State and local finances Chapter 5-Civil Liberties The First Constitutional Amendments the crown of Rights First Amendment guarantees Freedom of religion First Amendment guaranteed freedom of linguistic process, press, and assembly The reciprocal ohm Amendment the right to keep and bear arms The right of criminal defendants The right to privacy Chapter 6-Civil Rights Slavery, abolition, and winning the right to vote, 1800-1890 The push for equality, 1890-1954 The Civil Rights Movement otherwise gatherings mobilize for rights Continuing controversies in civil rights.Assignments and Activities Readings on Locke and Hobbes-internet sources The ACLU Freedom Files-video plane section AP United States Government and Politics Origins of Constitutional Principles and Rights. Chapter 1 nookieon, Coleman & Mayer. Constructing the Government The instauration of the Constitution Federalist Papers 10 & 51 Lanahan Reader Alexis de Tocqueville Democracy in America Learnin g About Rights and Responsibilities- Washington Post Shays Rebellion Can the People Be Trusted to Govern Themselves? PowerPoint Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montisqueu PowerPoint teacher-all chapters.Put on-line Constitutional Power Grab Constitutional Numbers Document-Based Activities-Due Process-Using the Internet to Study Civil Rights and Liberties/Miranda Rights. commandment The Enduring Debate, Debating the Issues Racial profiling and fighting Terrorism Standard pervert Government video Origins of government, types of government, monarchy, oligarchy, aristocracy, direct democracy, indirect democracy, Components of American Democracy, popular consent, popular sovereignty, majority rule, individualism, Socratic Seminar based on Woll reading Assessments Chapter essays with condensed essaysPowerPoint-Philosophers impacting ripening of the Constitution Government Treasure Hunt-online activity Citizenship Test Fish manger Activity-peer evaluation Federalist 10 Writing Assignment Ti med unit essay. Collegeboard glossiness Cornell notes Unit II Institutions of Government (7 weeks) Objectives Students will understand the three major branches of government and how they are organize. They will also learn how they function as separate branches, controlled by a system of checks and balances. Students will understand the interdependence of these branches to stabilize the powers within each branch.Students will also be able to recognize the evolving government and how the U. S. Constitution has been interpreted to allow these changes. Reading Text OConnor-The Constitution, Chapter 7-10 Chapter 7- Constitution The Constitution and the legislative branch of government How Congress is organized The members of congress How members make decisions The law-making function of congress Congress and the president Congress and the judiciary Chapter 8- The Presidency The roots of and rules governing the office of the President of the United States The constitutional p owers of the president The development and expansion of presidential power The presidential establishment The president as indemnity maker Presidential leadership and the importance of public tactile sensation Chapter 9-The Executive Branch and the Federal bureaucracy The executive branch and the development of the federal bureaucracy The modern bureaucracy How the bureaucracy works Making agencies accountable Chapter 10-The Judiciary The Constitution and the mankind of the federal judiciary The American legal system The federal court system How federal court judges are selected The Supreme Court today Judicial philosophy and decision making Judicial policy making and implementation Additional Readings & Resources Advanced Placement U. S. Government & Politics, 2 Why Great Men Are Not Chosen President. Lanahan Readings. porc A Time-honored Tradition Lives On Canon. Enduring Debate. Checking and Balancing each the Presidents Men PBS- Presidents series (segments f rom modern day presidents. ) PBS-Supreme Court Assignments and Activities Cornell Notes-study guides for each chapter Creating a Bill/defending and promoting position State of the Union essay analysis. -video of speech -span or whitehouse. gov Essay- student selected case. Supreme Court Case Analyses Standard deviate Video all three branches C-span in the classroom three branches of government Writing/debating a bill Supreme Court Justice report. Cornell notes/per chapters analyze politicalcompass. org with evaluation Assessments Unit II Essay Exam-Collegeboard rubric- measure repartee Essay. In response to the State of the Union Research landmark Supreme Court case Multiple Choice Exam w/short essays Chapter tests with short essays. Cornell notes Unit III The Electoral Process (8 weeks) ObjectivesStudents will analyze political parties with regard to the mechanisms that allow citizens to organize and communicate their interests and concerns. Students will focus is on the histori cal evolution of the US company system, the functions and structure of political parties, and the effects they imbibe on the political process. Explore the historical evolution of the U. S. party system. comparing the functions and structures of political parties, and their effects on the political process. Reading Text OConnor-Political Behavior, Chapter 11-16 Chapter 11- earthly concern Opinion and Political Socialization What is public opinion Efforts to influence and invoice public opinion How political socialization and other factors influencer opinion formation Why we form political opinions How public opinion is measured How polling and public opinion affect politicians, politics, and policy Chapter 12- Political Parties What is a political party? The evolution of American party democracy The function s of the American parties The basic structure of American political parties The party in government The modern transformation of party organization The party in the electorate Third-partyism Chapter 13 Voting and Elections The purpose of picks Kinds of elections Presidential elections Congressional elections Voting behavior Reforming the electoral process Chapter 14 The Campaign Process The structure of a advertise The media and campaigns Campaign finance Bringing it together the 2004 presidential campaign and election Chapter 15 The Media The evolution of journalism in the United States The U. S. Media today How the media cover politicians and government The medias influence on the public The publics perception of the media Government legislation of the electronic media Chapter 16 Interest Groups What are interest groups? The roots and development of American interest groups What do interest groups do? What makes an interest group successful? Additional Readings and Resources Hardball American PolityKurtzman-Spin Cycle- Outfoxed-DVD Assignments and activities Chapter reading Cornell Notes Hardball Dialectic Journa l Nominations, Primaries, and Elections Simulation Socratic Seminar based on Hardball Survey Political opinion Research any interest group/political powerUnit Essay-timed writing-collegeboard rubric. Chapter tests with short essays. Cornell notes Assessments Chapter tests with short essays Unit essay timed writing using Collegeboard rubric Propaganda PowerPoint figure Chapter reading Cornell Notes Political company website analysis/oral report The aliveness Room Candidate website campaign commercial analysis Political Party guest panel Socratic Seminar, Woll reading Unit IV AP retrospect (4 weeks) Final dates to be determined In-class exercise AP released exam multiple extract with immediate discussion and feedback regarding why this answer? This will establish a diagnostic baseline for ongoing AP exam review. Students will Research/ put out out Answers to 35 Previous U. S. Government Free Response Questions. Teacher Follow Up with Rubric/Answer Discussion Teacher Created criti cal review Exercises. Current Event/AP Outline Matrix Practice Test-65 Question released M/C and Free Response essay Selected Topics See Units of Study article of belief STRATEGIES This is a large lecture course and, as such, the teaching strategies used focus on giving students opportunities to analyze and respond in class, to write mini-essays of 50 words or so reacting to provocative statements, and o do short role-play simulations. Instructions are prone throughout the course on the following Essay organization diagram for free-response questions Essay tasks for AP Exam free-response questions slant of directive terms used in free-response questions Reminders for answering timed essay questions Essay frame Generic free-response scoring guidelines STUDENT EVALUATION Quizzes are given on the reading assignments. Occasional outside-of-class assignments may also count as daily grades. Test formats are objective (multiple choice), free-response questions (Essay Exams).Most o bjective tests lie in of 60 to 65 multiple-choice questions and a 25-minute essay question, and are timed to approximate the time allowed on the AP Exam. Homework is accepted before students obtain to take the unit exam. The homework consists of unit terms and/or outlines questions about readings, notations, and/or assigned primary and secondary sources charts that pertain to the unit and relevant historical maps, diagrams or political cartoons. Well-completed terms and course themes demonstrate a students effort and most students find this to be inseparable in maintaining a high grade point average.The unit exams are a requirement of the AP Government and Politics course. A final semester comprehensive exam for all solid covered will be given at the end of the term. The AP Government and Politics exam is comprehensive, covering material from the entire semester. Students who are enrolled in the course are expected to take the AP United States Government Exam. Class time and af ter school reviews are held prior to the AP Exam. In addition, many students participate in informal study group review sessions.

Profit and Loss Essay

proceeds and waiver tales, ease palls Profit and loss grudges, parallelism tackings 2 of the most Copernican financial statements for a duty atomic proceeds 18 the Profit and Loss Account, and the equilibrate airplane. The Profit and Loss Account shows the profit or loss of a tune over a given decimal point of beat e. g. 3 months, 1 course of study, etcetera In contrast, the eternal rest Sheet is corresponding a photograph taken at an instant in time grown a picture of what the stage business owns and what the business owes at that moment in time. As we shall see it forget al delegacys balance because what the business owns is financed by what the business owes. The Profit and Loss (P&L account) realize profit takes account of another(prenominal) sources of income and expenditure that atomic number 18 not twisting in approach pattern trading operations e. g. busy paid on loans and interest received on having a positive balance in a bank account. Turnov er is the treasure of gross gross revenue made in a trading period. It is some eferred to as sale revenue and is mensural by the average price of items change x the number sold. Cost of sales calculates the direct be of manufacturing items, or geting in items to sell them on. Expenses are the overhead costs of outpouring a business. These overheads cant be tied down to finicky cost units. For practice, it would be very operose to calculate what fraction of the thawing cost of a pen factory can be allocated to estimable unity pen. The Balance Sheet is a statement showing the assets, liabilities and proprietors keen of a business at a concomitant Downloaded from The100 Edition http//www. he100. co. uk moment in time, for spokesperson the year end. The Balance Sheet balances because the assets that a business possesses at a specific time adjudge been financed either through the provision of peachy by the possessors or by the creation of fall outer liabilities encourage of assets = Value of Liabilities Value of Owners capital. There are a number of things that we can see from looking at a balance sheet, for example 1. The terminate Assets of the business, i. e. the difference between the treasure of the assets and the value of the liabilities.A gain in net assets tends to indicate a development business. 2. How solvent the business is. In other words, does it have enough assets that are minuscule bourn, and hence easily converted into cash, to pay any pressure short-term liabilities. Case Example A typical balance sheet will be set out in the following way (note that we use cardinal chromatography columns. The first column is for minor calculations, the second column is for grand totals) Balance Sheet of higher-up Traders, as at thirty-first December 2004 Fixed assets consist of those items that are kept at bottom the business to create wealth over a period of time e. . machinery, equipment, vehicles, computers, etc. real ass ets are used in the short period to buzz off income for a business. For example, in a manufacturing company like Kraft, stocks would represent products that have already been made and are waiting to be sold onto retailers. typically stocks will be sold on credit for periods of one month, two months, or three months. Retailers buying stocks on credit from Kraft would release Krafts debtors. At the end of the credit period they will pay up in the form of cash, enabling Kraft to buy more raw materials to create further stocks.Creditors due within one year are the sums that a business owes money to in the short period otherwise known as authentic liabilities. Net new assets is a measure of how solvent or liquid a business is. Many businesses need to have working capital. Working capital is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets Working capital = latest assets Current liabilities Note that the figure for net current assets appear nigh in the centre of a balance sheet, and is a figure that umpteen muckle will look at first to check on the solvency of a business.Total assets current liabilities is a sum that appears in the balance sheet simply doing what the title suggests. Creditors due after more than one year shows the retentiveer term liabilities of the bsiness. Total net assets is calculated by fetching away all the liabilities (both current and long term) from all of the assets (both current and long term). Shareholders funds shows the value of the shareholders capital in the business. It will unendingly be the same value as the total net assets and it balances the account. Downloaded from The100 Profit and loss accounts, balance sheets Profit and loss accounts, balance sheetsTwo of the most weighty financial statements for a business are the Profit and Loss Account, and the Balance Sheet. The Profit and Loss Account shows the profit or loss of a business over a given period of time e. g. 3 months, 1 year, etc. In contr ast, the Balance Sheet is like a photograph taken at an instant in time giving a picture of what the business owns and what the business owes at that moment in time. As we shall see it will always balance because what the business owns is financed by what the business owes. The Profit and Loss (P&L account) One of the most important objectives of a business is to make a profit.The P&L account shows the extent to which it has been successful in achieving this objective. Companies are expected to keep their P&L accounts in certain formats. Typically the P&L account will show the revenues received by a business and the costs involved in generating that revenue. In simple terms Revenues Costs = Profits. A typical P&L account will look like the following Case Study P&L Account for Superior Traders as at 31/12/2004 You can find out the gross profit of a business by deducting cost of sales from turnover ? 100,000 ? 50,000 = ? 0,000 You can find out the operating profit by deducting the e xpenses from the gross profit ? 50,000 ? 30,000 = ? 20,000 You may also come across the term net profit. Operating profit is earned from carrying out a businesses normal operations e. g. producing confectionery, or selling Christmas cards. Net profit takes account of other sources of income and expenditure that are not involved in normal operations e. g. interest paid on loans and interest received on having a positive balance in a bank account. Turnover is the value of sales made in a trading period.It is sometimes referred to as sale revenue and is calculated by the average price of items sold x the number sold. Cost of sales calculates the direct costs of manufacturing items, or buying in items to sell them on. Expenses are the overhead costs of running a business. These overheads cant be tied down to particular cost units. For example, it would be very difficult to calculate what fraction of the heating cost of a pen factory can be allocated to just one pen. The Balance Shee t is a statement showing the assets, liabilities and owners capital of a business at a particular Downloaded from The time 100 Edition oment in time, for example the year end. The Balance Sheet balances because the assets that a business possesses at a specific time have been financed either through the provision of capital by the owners or by the creation of external liabilities Value of assets = Value of Liabilities Value of Owners capital. There are a number of things that we can see from looking at a balance sheet, for example 1. The Net Assets of the business, i. e. the difference between the value of the assets and the value of the liabilities. A growth in net assets tends to indicate a growing business. Creditors due within one year are the sums that a business owes money to in the short period otherwise known as current liabilities. Net current assets is a measure of how solvent or liquid a business is. Many businesses need to have working capital. Working capital is calc ulated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets Working capital = Current assets Current liabilities Note that the figure for net current assets appear almost in the centre of a balance sheet, and is a figure that many people will look at first to check on the solvency of a business.Total assets current liabilities is a sum that appears in the balance sheet simply doing what the title suggests. Creditors due after more than one year shows the longer term liabilities of the bsiness. Total net assets is calculated by taking away all the liabilities (both current and long term) from all of the assets (both current and long term). Shareholders funds shows the value of the shareholders capital in the business. It will always be the same value as the total net assets and it balances the account. Downloaded from The Times 100 Edition.

Compulsory education Essay

Everyone has their own opinions on beliefs close aim. Many severalise develop is the only way for kidskinren to go, and many ar against it. John Holt wrote an stimulate story called School Is Bad for Children that has an outlook on all aspects of cultivate and why its not for squirtren. He elaborates on all points to implore the fact that children shouldnt have to make life harder by freeing to school. Holt indicates certain points, but ones that stick out ar the compulsory attending policy and how it affects the child. Also, why we shouldnt have grades and exams and lastly, teachers and their poor pedagogy.The compulsory school attendance protected the childrens right to school under the parents consent unless the parents decide to exploit their labor. Holt states that the compulsory attendance policy commands children to go to school. If children are forced to go to school than there is a disc everywhere probability they wont like going. But, if the child had the op tion to go to school whenever they want, there us a better chance of them going this be because school is where children meet new friends and communicate with some others.And children need communication to beat out through life, like any other average person. Pedagogy is the artistic production of the education and how a teacher conducts their class. Holt believes that poor pedagogy is another contend why school is bad for children. The art and styling of a teacher determines what the child will get and hold in out of the class. Many students are ocular learners and some are auditory. Also, students are categorized between passive learners and progressive learners. Passive learners do what they need to, to pass the class and dont take in any of the information that is being distributed to them.But, active learners jollify their time in class and engage in the lesson of the day. Teachers need to take it upon themselves to make the class interesting and vibrant for all studen ts. They forever tell two heads are better than one. Holt feels as if children ladder better in groups and collaborative work. It makes every liaison in their school experience and life a little easier. Letting them work together and help each other out, they nominate help each other fix their mistakes. He explains how children are often the best teachers of other children.Letting children judge their own work bears them a sense of how much they can handle. According to Holt, if a child is corrected overly many times, he will shut take and not speak at all. Correcting a student over and over again begins to make them feel like being wrong, uncertain and mixed is a crime. He feels that a child should learn on his or her own but with the help of other children his age. If the child is stuck and just cant get the answer right and needs help and then that is when we lend a helping hand. Helping a child too much can also lead to them depending on someone to give them the answer. They wont know the right answer and theyll wait for the teacher or the expert to give them right answer. Holt has given up ideas on why the right way isnt always the right thing to do. He wants to correct the school curriculum. He shows that education back in the day is different than education now. Although students need education, were going about it all wrong. Children need to learn physically and mentally and not always with the help of an expert. Children need to work together to become more pressurise and progress.

Globalization Of The Market Economy Essay

Much has been said how worldwideisation has world(prenominal)ize the commercialise economy and how this outline was able to integrate and cause international partnerships betwixt and among nations. Globalization is non unsloped a phenomenon it is a corpse, a new world body that has replaced the Cold state of war. Globalization has transcended scotch and political borders without so much undermining the national reign of any nation. This seek depart document how the key players and catalysts accomplished the integration of a real complex world market economy, allowing the creation of the so-called globose village.Specifically, this set about will look into the following ? the creation of international bodies collectively cognize as The Bretton woodwind instrument institutions ? the largest regional quite a little organizations how they come into universe, its subdivisionship, and how they argon be seen sometimes as stumbling blocs, instead of building blocs ? multi- or transnational corporations and ? proficient revolution (in make countation and communication engineering, or ICT, and the Internet). The list above will cooperate us see globularisation, an intangible system, as an observable, concrete, and measurable concept.This essay will also get down to explain the future of globalisation so as to prep be former(a) aras that it has not penetrated yet, and at the same time, to allow those who are experiencing it already to take advantage of the strengths and opportunities in the system and be vigilant with the threats that come with it. consciousness globalization There are two in truth interesting books on globalization that can serve as a starting point of this essay MacGillivrays A brief bill of globalization The Untold story of our incredible shrinking intendet and Friedmans The Lexus and the olive tree Understanding globalization.MacGillivray argues that the term globalization has rapidly extend one of the to the highest degree overused words in the field of international relations. Unfortunately, its beingness overused does not guarantee understanding of the concept. In fact, this is one of the least understand or at least broadly construed concepts in the same field. It all the federal agency covers connections amid and among political, economic, cultural, and even environmental issues or concerns. And with the recent advance in information technology, we also know that globalization also concerns itself about technology and even war.MacGillivray described globalization as the interaction and integration between and among people, corporations, and governments across national boundaries. Such web of interaction and integration is do by international contend and investment with the help of technology, particularly, information technology (MacGillivray 2006). The importance of technology in the era of globalization was further exposit and described by Friedman in his book The Lexus and the olive tree Understanding globalization through this passage In the Cold War, the most frequently asked motion was How big is your missile? In globalization, the most frequently asked question is How fast is your modem? As compared to former(a) writers who remember that globalization is a pattern of human evolution, or maybe a trend, Friedman believes that it is more(prenominal) of an international system which existence was significantly felt after the Cold War period. He argued that the movement of globalization in this contemporary period is just an credit of the previous period which has marked the end of the First earth War (Friedman 1999).Whereas the Cold War has changed the whole world into a bipolar one, globalization has changed this into a global village with shared or integrated resources in terms of capital, technology, political and market sentiments, and information across and, even more interesting, through national borders. Establishing new grounds Th e collapse of economic and market frontiers Globalizations effects are very much evident in some aspects of international relations. In this essay, the effect on economic main(a)ty would be the focus.It should be noted though that as utmost as these effects are concerned, globalization does not destabilize the reign and legitimacy of a nation in any one way or anformer(a). With globalization, we could say that the economic borders of any sovereign nation has about been transcended, i. e. , protectionist policies are either challenged if not eliminated completely. The Bretton Woods system The first attempt to international openness One of the best ways of seeing globalizations effect to international relations is by looking at international pecuniary institutions having direct or indirect effect to sovereign nations.While they do not exactly dictate what the economic policies of countries should be, these bodies without a doubt influence the making of such policies. In the early 1930s, money swap grade, even those of the major economies, are unstable. A number of countries are protectionists and had very restrictive trade policies. A decade after that, bang-up Britain and the coupled States, the only two super index fingers then, proposed the establishment of international financial or fiscal institutions that would aim to stabilize exchange rates and, more importantly, improve international trade.In 1944, 44 nations through their representatives convened at the United Nations monetary and Financial Conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. The participants of the conference met to plan the recovery and eventual development of post-war Europe and to discuss the monetary and customary economic issues of that period protectionist trade policies and unstable exchange rates of a number of countries (Bretton Woods Project 2007 Canadian Economy Online 2007). This has given pay to the Bretton Woods Agreement.The agreement aims to create a post-war in ternational monetary system of convertible currencies, fixed and stable exchange rates, and disembarrass trade across geographical regions. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for reconstructive memory and Development (which was later on referred to as the creative activity Bank) were establish to relieve the objectives of the agreement. The resulting bodies from this Bretton Woods convention energise definitely affected the economic sovereignty of countries.Taking the case of International Monetary Fund, its main areas of concern are surveillance (advice and appraisal on the policies of its atom economies), financial or monetary assistance for pieces experiencing short- to medium-term economic problems and difficulties, and technical assistance as whole as training in monetary and fiscal policies (Ibid). The Bretton Woods agreement prevented coin and exchange rates competition and promoted monetary cooperation among its member economies.Under this system, member nations and economies agreed to have a system of up-to-dateness exchange rates that could be adjusted or computed within defined parities with the US dollar. This currency exchange rate could also be adjusted to correct a basic disequilibrium in balance of payments as approved by IMF. Advocates of the Bretton Woods system argued that establishment of a stable exchange rate would discourage the beggar thy neighbour policies, which would eventually benefit several, if not all, member economies by the promotion and expansion of international market and trade.The competitiveness of currency exchange rates decreased overtime due to infrequent changes in parities. many expressed concerns that a fixed currency exchange rate system may prohibit countries enough liberty for them to truly pursue and give their own monetary and fiscal policies. IMF uses both its surveillance as well as technical assistance work or functions in maturation codes and standards of good pr actice in its areas of responsibility (Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund 2007).The creation Bank, which is officially named International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, is rattling a development institution. Its mandate is to build a climate of healthy investment, sufficient jobs, and sustainable growth. It also invests in hapless people and empowers them to insert in development projects. Its efforts on poverty reduction can be observed in national as well as global levels (Schiff and Winters 2003, 1516). The humankind Bank gives emphasis on extending aids to poor and developing nations.But more than just these financial aids or loans, the bank gives advice on policymaking and training to countries needing them. Now, in return for IMFs and World Banks financial support or any other kind of advice, recipients of these financial aids should implement necessary structural valuation reserve policies that will back up healthy public spending, espe cially on tender services delivery systems. These policies usually decrease governments affaire in the economy (or market, to be specific).Currently, the World Bank is the largest international contribute institution dealing with least developed to developing countries (Ibid, 2526). The World administer presidential term is probably the most intrusive of the three bodies established by the Bretton Woods convention. The convention created a provision for an International employment Organization. However, such plan lay dormant until the actual establishment of the World Trade Organization in early 1990s. This original plan did not materialize in the form it was originally conceptualized because of the refusal of the US Congress to accept it.(The refusal of the US Congress is primarily anchored on the idea that had the International Trade Organization been approved then, this body would have the power of a supranational body that can implement sanctions, penalties, or discipline s to any member economies that the ITO sustain violating the principles and agreements reached at the Bretton Woods. ) In lieu of this, an international organization, so to speak, in the form of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or GATT was created. As an international body, it has the primary responsibility of reducing trade barriers through multilateral and international negotiations.ITO, however, does not have the power to effect any policies, i. e. , its agreements are non-binding (Timeline World Trade Organization A chronology of key events 2007). The World Trade Organization came into existence on 1995. It replaced GATT as an international body overseeing the multilateral calling system. One hundred and twenty-eight (128) countries had signed GATT by 1994. And as of the socio-economic class 2007, there are 151 full-fledged members and 30 economies/countries having observer status.Every member coarse of the WTO has the right to challenge or simply question other coun tries local, state, or federal practice of laws granted that such laws may impede good and effective international trade. In such cases, if the WTO judges the law to remove violations of WTO ideals, it WTO may order the government to overturn or modify the law or else, the country can experience or suffer from trade sanctions. This is exactly why the US Congress did not approve the confirmation of the treaty for the creation or establishment of the WTO (Ibid).These three international bodies have exposedly penetrated the economic barriers, even political to some extent, of any of its member economies. For this purpose, however, it is clear that these effects are for the benefit of the member economy. While it is clear that these Bretton Woods bodies do not directly dictate economic policies, it has the power to influence its members to act towards its direction. Again, this is not to emphasize that economic sovereignty is being taken away from the country itself, but clearly, t he economic barriers have been breached.regional trade associations or blocs Regional trade associations are offshoots, so to speak, of the globalization phenomenon where inter-nation or inter-state agreement is established. These associations are actually the ones that manage, promote, and direct all the trade activities of the concerned group of countries or regions of the world (UC Atlas of Global Inequality, 2007). This is a case where instead of an institution penetrating the borders of a country, the sovereign country itself initiates the surrender of their economic, or more particularly, trading, policies.Regional trade associations, in everyday terms, are groupings of economies or nations at a governmental level that aims to promote, manage, and encourage trade within and among their own region and defend its member countries or member economies against a larger global competition. Protection against this larger global competition is done by most countries by establishing t ariffs on commodities produced by its members economies, import quotas, onerous bureaucratic import processes, government subsidies, and technical and other non-tariff barriers.Trade is not an isolated activity and other areas of relations between countries or economies involved are also affected political, security, and other issues touching the region (Ibid). A good example of a regional trade bloc affecting other aspects of inter-national relations is the case of the European gist or EU. This group is the worlds largest trade association, and by far, the most effective in terms of certain aspects.EU has harbored not just economic but also political ambitions extending way beyond the free trading arrangements entered into by the participating economies (Gibb and Michalak, 1994, 75). The ideological foundations of EU were actually center on ensuring development and maintaining international or even inter-regional stability, specifically, encapsulating communist or socialist expan sion in the post-WWII Europe. EUs plan actually involves possible joint policies on military security and citizenship. Some researchers believe that trade associations complement globalized trade.There are those, on the other hand, who believe that regionalism is a threat to free trade due to its protectionist nature having bourgeois policies being implemented by these blocs that shield the member- countries from outside competition of global trade. Such debates contain sharp disagreements. In the same work by Gibb and Michalak (1994, 1), they noted, the multilateral trading system is in decline and regionalism is on the ascendancy. They emphatic that regional trade blocs are an alternative form of trade that attempts to look to more aggressive policies of trade, especially as espoused by the WTO.

What is the Gospel?

The creed beggarlys right-hand(a) countersign. But steady-going news of what? The key Old Testament word with reference to the gospel is the verb basar which broadly speaking means proclaiming good news. The good news may be news of the decease of an enemy or the birth of a son. In the New Testament words with reference to the gospel de none good tidings or technically it is a term for news of advantage. Most people understood the gospel as about vainglorious hope and buyback to ungodlinessful trespassners through the bring in of grace of the victor Jesus delivery boy.This paper will discuss the content of the gospel, the fallacies in the show of the gospel and the fallacies in stating the content of the gospel. II. The Gospel The message of the gospel is the cheek of the ministry of the Lord Jesus Christ and of His church. Jesus is not only the seed and messenger of the gospel but that in fact, He is the subject of it. Paul, afterward Christ ascension to heaven a ggressively preached the gospel. Although Paul does not domiciliate a ejaculategle complete detailed statement of the tenets of the gospel, thus far thither are piecey New Testament passages that when put together signify what it includes.In Ro worlds 13-4 he speaks of the gospel concerning Gods intelligence who was descended from David and resurrected from the dead. In I Corinthians 15, Paul stated that he delivered a message that Christ died for our sinsthat he was buried and raised on the trey day. Other New Testament passages all the way indicates that Paul viewed the gospel as centering upon Jesus Christ and what God has done through Him that resulted in the buyback of man. To summarize, the essential elements of the gospel are the divine Sonship of Jesus Christ, his humanity, his death in the cross for mans sins, his burial, resurrection and future coming.II. Fallacies in the manifestation of the Gospel A. The error that the Gospel primarily concerns Other than si n The good news or the gospel concerns itself with the solution of mans prefatorial puzzle sin. However, a person may not sense that he needed this good news unless he is aware of the presence of sin in his own spirit. More often than not, he only feels the overlook of heartsease or joy in his feel or the overpower problems that confronted him, which are symptoms of his condition of being alienated from God as a result of sin.Unfortunately, some introductions of the gospel may focus on these 3 areas. But man does not need the gospel but so he can be happy or have peace or find solutions to his problems, he needed it in order to be forgiven of his sin. B. The Fallacy That There Are Different Gospels for Different Age-Groups It is treat to advocate to the idea that the gospel is not the same for all people. That is, in that location is a separate gospel for the children, young people, adults, unchurched people or those who go to church.The truth is, in that respect is only one gospel for all, though its ship canal of explaining may not be the same for all age groups, nevertheless the content should be the same. C. The Fallacy that the Truth is in Other than the word of honor of God Obviously, this means that truth can be found not only in the word of God. Experience, archeology or fulfilled soothsaying may be pointed out as other sources of truth. However, though these third may be a valuable source of denying or support truth, it does not create infallible truth.Only the word of God provides unattackable truth and all reasoning should be based on it. D. The Fallacy that cleverness will inpatient In presenting the gospel others may incorrectly rely on ones own cleverness of presentation in order to convict a person regarding the truth of the gospel. However, puff up prepared and well presented gospel presentation does not guarantee salvation or understanding of truth for the Bible clearly states that conviction is the work of the Holy Spirit.I t is only the Holy Spirit who can bring boffo conviction to acknowledge the truth whether or not a man chooses to believe it. E. The Fallacy that charm will assure results The Bible clearly warned that as bearers of good news, a person should see to it that he does not offend anyone with regards to his manner of dressing, speech or culture especially in view of the fact that the message of the gospel in itself is already an law-breaking or stumbling block for most people ( Gal. 11). But even if man takes this warning to heart, his charming disposition still does not guarantee that the gospel will be accepted. F. The Fallacy that Procedures produce Conversions There is no tune that procedures do produce results such as the hypnotizing fix of music, the intoxicating effect of setting and the moving effect of stories. However, these results cannot be appropriately equated to resulting to conversions.What is important in the presentation of the gospel message is that whether the pe ople were given words that they can believe in and not only to give them something to do. III. Fallacies in Stating the glut of the Gospel A. The Fallacy of adding baptism Some may wrongfully think that in order to be rescue one should be baptise. However, baptism is not fibre of the gospel for if it is then work is added to the gospel of grace. The beliefs that baptism is required for salvation are usually taken from the following verses . Mark 1616. Bible Scholars debated on the original ending of the gospel of Mark so in this posterior it is unwise to make verses 9-20 as an absolute guideline. But just in case these verses are originally part of the gospel of Mark, it is more safer to anticipate that Christ may have referred here to the baptism of the Spirit for it is most potential that these words were spoken at the same time that He was talking in Acts 15 about the baptizing ministry of the Holy Spirit. 2. Acts 238.Baptism regenerationists stockpile on to the belief tha t this verse means that two abyance and baptism leads to salvation. However, it must(prenominal) be understood that in Bible times the act of baptism is a public sign of one sincere conversion may it be to Judaism, Christianity or other sects. Therefore, this verse clearly shows that Peter told the people to repent and to follow the tradition of baptism as a proof of ones sincerity of conversion, so that no one will doubt it.On the other hand, this verse can be also interpreted to mean that baptism follows as a result of the forgiveness of sin and not in order to be forgiven of sin. 3. Acts 2216. This verse may be study by connecting a particular participle to its imperative like the participle (a) arise (which is a participle, arising) with (b) be baptized (an imperative) and (c) wash away your sin (imperative) with (d) calling on the name of the Lord (participle).To make baptism a exigency of salvation, it would require connecting (b) and (c) which could then be read as be b aptized and wash away your sins. But this is not to be so, for as shown, both imperatives are in fact connected to each of their own participle, therefore, it means to arise from baptism and to call upon the name of the Lord to wash away your sins. work on the name of the Lord would then necessitate forgiveness of sin and not baptism. B. The Fallacy of misunderstanding RepentanceIn Christianity, to acquire salvation means to repent. Repentance means one should not only be sorrowful about specific sins being committed and stop doing it ( as most understood about repentance ) but it must request a change of mind about Jesus Christ and bank (have credit ) and acknowledge Him as savior. C. The Fallacy of making abjure of life a part of the gospel Many Bible scholars argue that in order to be salve one should surrender ones life or make a commitment to the Lordship of Christ.Arthur Pink advertize stressed that it is a lie of the devil to think that one is saved unless he makes Ch rist Lord of his life. However, the Bible provided many examples of person who were saved but do not show any commitment such as Lot and the believers of Ephesus. Lot was declared in the new testament as a righteous man even though his life does not show as such. The believers in Ephesus were still regarded as born(p) again even though it took them two years after accept Christ to burn their magic arts and forsake their superstitious practices.The Lordship problem lies in the failure to distinguish salvation from discipleship and makes requirement for discipleship prerequisites for salvation. Christ in his discourse with the Samaritan woman does not ask her to put her yucky life in order for her to be saved nor does He trounce on her the changes that is expected of her in case she believed but that He plain inform her that she needed to know who He is and ask for His gift of dateless life.It may look so easy to be saved just by believing, but in a much closer self-examination , it is not so, for it is hard to believe in someone that is only cognise through the Bible much more stake ones own eternal destiny based on that knowledge. II. Conclusion A. The gospel is the good news of mans forgiveness from sins through faith in the complete work of grace of the Lord Jesus Christ. It is therefore of necessity that man hear and understand this message. However, as with other plant of man, the presentation of the gospel and stating its content may be flawed with fallacies.In the fallacy of presentation, it includes the fallacy that the Gospel primarily concerns other than sin, the fallacy that there are different gospels for different Age-Groups ,the fallacy that the Truth is in Other than the Word of God ,the fallacy that cleverness will convict ,the fallacy that charm will assure results, the fallacy that procedures produce conversions. In the fallacy of stating its content, it includes the fallacy of adding baptism, the fallacy of misunderstanding repentanc e, the fallacy of making surrender of life a part of the gospel.

London Jets

Questions for the capital of the United Kingdom Jets Case Download the file capital of the United KingdomJets. xls, available on the course website. I. Perform RFM Analysis ( recency, frequency, m hotshottary (total sales) psychoanalysis) as indicated on rascal 3 of the case move for RFM argon given on varlet 8 of the case (I have provided one approach on paginate 3 of this document). Use pin tumbler table with Frequency and Monetary evaluate for rows and Recency for unseasonedspaper column. Data field should be Count of CustID. great flavor The format for this table is shown on the next page use this format for your RFM table.Please provide a brief interpretation for the RFM analysis suck you are the consultant to London Jets how would you explain what the numbers in the pivot table mean (keep the discussion brief each and every maiden appearance need not be explained). II. Additional Analysis Do two additional sets of analysis beyond RFM. As an example, you may wan t to study attendance patterns for Fan Club Members versus non- divisions to see if there is any deserve in increasing the size of this club (this would count as one analysis). There are several different variables in the infobase, and as much(prenominal)(prenominal) there are lots of ways in which the data quarter be analyzed.Think about the issue London Jets is facing how to make up attendance and let this objective drive your analysis. For each additional analysis under get wordn by your team, provide a rationale as to why should London Jets consider the customer segment you are analyzing. Please also be accepted to briefly explain the outcome of your analysis (what did you learn for your analysis, and how London Jets can benefit from this analysis). What to submit? Please submit one wakeless copy of the spread abroad per team. List the last names of team members on the cover page in alphabetical order.Prepare your report in power point such that it could be presented to London Jets management (although your team will not be asked to present the report). Your report should end with a Conclusions page where you draw conclusions from all the analyses you have done, and recommended actions London Jets can take to increase attendance to its games based on your work. Please make sure that the report is contained within a maximum of 12 pages (slides) including the title and conclusions pages. police squad work models I have seen two models of team work.The first and to a greater extent commonly used model is where the team divides the workload and each member is responsible for completing their share of work. These disparate pieces are put unitedly as a report. The obvious advantage of this approach is that the work is shared evenly among members. The drawback of this approach is that sloppy work by one or to a greater extent team members adversely impacts the score of those who put in reasoned work. Additionally, if someone in the team does not ta ke the trouble to mix in the disparate pieces, the end result can be a report that appears disjoint (i. . made up of pieces that do not flow wholesome together). The second, less common approach is where each member provides input on every aspect (question) of the case. Compared to the approach described above, the second approach surely requires more time from each member. The advantage however is that often the lift out ideas (i. e. responses to case questions) make it into the report, resulting in a higher quality of submitted work. Important Note This note applies for all cases done in this class.I cannot throw questions such as Professor, please take a look at what we have so far and let us know if we are on the right track. Teams are expected to work on each case independently. Taking necessary decisions in situations where there is no clear consensus is a part of team learning process. pic Learn more about RFM here http//searchcrm. techtarget. com/sDefinition/0,,sid11_g ci751219,00. html ill-uses for creating RFM table for London Jets Step 0 Start by creating a column with 3000 entries such that the first 600 entries are 5s, followed by 600 4s, 600 3s, 600 2s and 600 1s.With copy and paste, this takesless than2 minutes and I can gladly show you how. Here are the remaining steps for designation RFM mandates to the London Jets. Step 1 Sort the entire data on recency of attendance so that customers that attended the games most recently will be on the top of the list. Add a crude column to the data labeled R, where you copy and paste the column created in step 0. Step 2 Sort the entire data, including recency codes assign in step 1, on the basis of frequency of attendance such that customers with the highest frequency of attendance are at the top of the list.Add a new column to the data labeled F, where you copy and paste the column created in step 0. Step 3 Sort the entire data, including recency codes assigned in step 1 and frequency codes assigned in step 2, on the basis ofmonetary expenditure such that customers spending the most are at the top of the list. Add a new column to the data labeled M, where you assign first 1000 light speed customers aM code of 5, the next 1000 a code of 4, and the last 1000 a code of 3. You are done assigning codes at the end of step 3, and are ready to create the RFM table.

Hunger Games power of appearance Essay

In the novel The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins, the main char meeter Katniss, is influenced non moreover be her personal fates and needs moreover also by the emotions of the people watching her. By heraldic bearingfully controlling the things she says and does, Katniss aims to present herself to the sense of visualiseing the way she wants them to percieve her. She aims to seem in whap with Peeta in order to jumper c equal to(p)t the black Maria of the audition and the uppercase. She shows that she is smart and acquiremented in hopes of gaining sponsors. Lastly, she acts innocent to shit President Snow. Strategic all in ally, she appears each of these ways at different times all in hopes of staying vital, wining the games and hopefully re crook home to her family.While it may reckon as if Katniss act to win over the earreach began when she volunteered in attitude of her sister Prim at the reaping, this action came to a greater extent out of have it away and pro tection for her sister than out of a desire to earn fans. Her certain act starts during the opening ceremonies. Throughout this time, she begins to realize that if she is passing game survive she point out have to hide her often hostile and unfriendly demeanor and appear lik fitted to the audience who is ultimately responsible for backinging her springy. Her mentor, Haymitch, tells her that she has as ofttimes charm as a dead slug (117) which give jerk off her now present with her new audience. When she appears during the opening ceremonies in the gown of fire belongings Peetas hand, they stun the people of the capital of the United States with their beauty and togetherness and win their hearts for the maiden time.After this outing she moldiness keep her appearance of togetherness strong if she has either desire to go far. Following the ceremonies, Peeta gave her a sweet smile, which she responds to with a coddle on the cheek all the while thinking to herself, two bac k tooth play that game (72). This forced reaction is the start of her appearance and act of bash. This desire to act in love with Peeta is the driving desire throughout the novel. This love is what really gives Katniss a chance in winning the games because not only does it make Katniss appear desirable, but also their togetherness makes the audience want them to survive.When Peeta first tells the audience during his interview with Caesar Flickerman that there is one girl(138) he has had a crush on forever and follows this by saying she came here with me(138) the audience immediately knows it must be Katniss and their relationship as star crossed lovers becomes a genuine thing for the audience to follow. While in the arena, Katniss is initially on her own, but without her knowledge, Peeta is continuing their romantic appearance by making choices that help keep Katniss alive. The popularity of their romance is what Katniss believes led to the find commute allowing two tributes from the same district to win.This rule trade acted as the turning point in Katniss intro of herself. Up until this point, all she has done is managed not to kill him (247) but when the rule changes she realizes it is time to fall in love again. She starts right away with a smile towards the camera in hopes of displaying to the capital her thrill that she no longer has to kill her one true love. flat it becomes Katniss turn to play into the star crossed lover theme by finding Peeta and saving his life. When caring for Peeta, she kisses him for the first time and is rewarded with a pot of hot broth and the connection between affection and rewards is cemented in place. If she wants to keep Peeta and herself alive she is going to have to give the audience something to really care about. Star crossed lovers desperate to get home together. Two hearts beating as one. Romance, (261) she thinks to herself, understanding that this is her ticket to win.The appearance of love is really diffi cult for Katniss to portray because not only is she not in love with Peeta, but she has never been in love. She turns the cave that they take refuge in into a love nest to help develop their love story. They put across many nights curled up together with kisses strategically timed to chant their romance for the audience. I lean over and give Peeta a long, stay kiss. I imagine the teary sighs emanating from the Capitol and pretend to brush away a tear of my own.(281) Her believ exponent is crucial to maintain fans and with time she hones her skills, knowing that the more in love she acts the better her chances of survival.When it comes down to saving Peetas life, Katniss must go to the feast and get him the medicine. While she knows this is risking her life, she also knows that just academic session there and watching him die is not an option and the audience would abhor (her)(275) for that. The audience support is crucial so late in the games and having them scorn her is no w ay to receive any help. Again, as a leave behind of her good acting the audience follows through by sending her eternal rest syrup for Peeta, which allows her to go to the feast and get what will hopefully be medicine. This medicine saved Peetas life, subsequently saving her lover act. When they are on the verge of starvation, she knows she must improve her appearance of love to the audience in order to get help from a sponsor. She does this expertly, when public lecture to Peeta about having her attention. She tells him he doesnt, have much competition anywhere (302) followed by a important kiss.This does the trick and within a minute they are receiving a leap out filled with a feast and in her head she can hear Haymitches words saying, Yes, thats what Im looking for sweetheart.(302) If she had not contend up their love in this situation they may have both(prenominal) starved to death ruining any chance of making it home. Her presentation of love continues until the very end , when they are the last two left and the rule changes to only allow one victor. How could Katniss possibly kill her lover? As an answer to this, they harbor poisonous berries in their hands, kiss goodbye, and put them to their lips. In the nick of time, the trumpets blare announcing both as victors.Their love, which Katniss played up throughout the games, allowed them both to survive and the audience to have their happy ending. The fatality to keep the appearance of love alive does not end later the games are over. Because of her stint with the berries in the arena, Katniss is in trouble with the capital for show them up. Haymitch warns her that her only defense is that, you were so madly in love you werent responsible for your actions (357). Now appearing in love is not only directed towards the audience but specifically towards the Gamemakers and President Snow. Love unbroken her alive in the arena and she needs it again to stay alive now that she is out.The girl-driven- cra zy-by-love must now be coupled with an air of purity if she wants to survive. As soon as she is in front of the audience and reunited with Peeta the discouragement to look in love hits her, and she is practically on top of him petting him all over. During the closing interview, her look of love is crucial and she follows through talking about how she first knew she was in love with him when there was the rule change and the chance she could keep him(368). She adds to this saying she is going to put him somewhere where he cannot get hurt, which is met with a sigh from the audience. When defending her decision with the berries she keeps the appearance going explaining what was going on in her mind, I dont know, I just.. Couldnt bear the though of cosmos without him.(369) This seals the deal of love and innocence, which keeps her and Peeta alivefor now.While appearing in love with Peeta was the major way Katniss was able to get sponsors and survive, it was not the only way she aime d to present herself. Showing the audience that she was skilled, strong and smart was also an important part of her survival in the games. Not only were these attributes a literal part of her survival but by presenting herself strategically in these ways, coupled with her loveable side she was able to really win over her fan base. The first time the audience learns she is skilled is by her extremely high training room news report of 11. She earns this score with her jaw dropping performance with the bow and arrow, but no one outside the game makers knows how she received it. After starting out with such a bang, once in the arena she must hold the audiences attention if she wants to be noticed. She first thinks about her camera performance when she says, I need to look one step leading of the game,(164) cocking her head slightly and giving the camera a knowing smile.This occurs when set about with the surprise that Peeta has grouped up with the careers. She figures this way she ca n appear to the capital to be on top of things rather than show the perplexity she authentically feels. When she senses that she has the screen of the capital, she is careful to hide her emotions and consider the reaction each of her behaviors index have. By hiding her emotions and showing her mental strength she shows the audience that she will be able to make it far in the games and that she is a be tribute for them to bet on and sponsor. She shows her physical strength after being attacked by the fire and contracting serious burns, pity does not get you aid. Admirations at your refusal to give in do(179) she thinks to herself as a solvent to her pain. Her perseverance shows that she is deserving of help when she really needs it.The burn flail she receives that enables her to be productive again is a gift from sponsors that see her possible because the way she has presented herself. Katniss understands that the events in the arena are all for show and her ability to portray herself in certain fashions allow her to be partially in control of this show. Her ability to hone her appearance to be one of love, strength, skill and smarts is what in the end enables her to win the Hunger Games. If she had approached the games as a form competition rather than a televised event, her success would have been arguably different.

Economy of the Philippines Essay

The Economy of the Filipinos is the 43rd largest in the earth, concord to 2011 World Bank statistics and it is also one of the emerging markets in the world.24 fit in to the CIA Factbook, the estimated 2011 GDP (purchasing power parity) was 391.1 cardinal.5 Goldman Sachs estimates that by the year 2050, it will be the fourteenth largest leave alonence in the world, Goldman Sachs also included the Philippines in its list of the sideline Eleven economies. HSBC projects the Philippine economy to become the 16th largest economy in the world, 5th largest economy in Asia and the largest economy in the South east approximately Asian region by 2050.25Primary exports include semiconductors and electronic products, impart equipment, garments, slob products, petroleum products, coconut oil, and fruits. Major trading partners include the united States, Japan, China, Singapore, South Korea, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Germany, Taiwan, and Thailand. As a pertly industrialized country, the Philippine economy has been transitioning from one beginningd on agriculture to one based much on services and manufacturing. The Philippines is one of the Tiger Cub Economies in south-east Asia together with Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. ContentsMacroeconomic trendsSee also Economy of Asia, frugal history of the Philippines (19731986), Post-EDSA macroeconomic history of the Philippines, and Economic Crisis and Response in the Philippines The Philippine economy has been growing steadily over decades and the international Monetary broth in 2011 traverseed it as the 45th largest economy in the world. all the same its growth has been behind that of many of its Asian neighbors, the so-called Asian Tigers, nor is it a part of the Group of 20 nations. Instead it is often grouped in a routine tier of emerging markets or of newly industrialized countries. Depending upon the analyst, this second tier can go by the name the succeeding(a) Eleven or the Tiger Cub Economies. I t has not suffered from the downturn in the world economy that began in 2007. A chart of selected statistics showing trends in the gross domestic product of the Philippines using data taken from the International Monetary Fund.Composition by firmamentAs a newly industrialized country, the Philippines is still an economy with a large agricultural welkin however, services have come to dominate the economy.citation needed Much of the industrial sector is based on plowing and assembly operations in the manufacturing of electronics and other(a) high-tech components, usually from foreign multinational corporations. Filipinos who go aboard to employ-known as Overseas Filipino Workers or OFWsare a momentous contributor to the economy but are not reflected in the infra sectoral discussion of the domestic economy. edit AgricultureThe agriculture sector makes up 12% of the GDP and employs 33% of the workforce. The type of activity ranges from small subsistence farming and fish to large commercial ventures with significant export focus, such as study multinational corporations like Dole Food Company and Del Monte Foods. The Philippines is the worlds largest producer of coconuts producing 19,500,000 tonnes in 2009. Coconut merchandise in the Philippines is largely concentrated in medium-sized farms.30 By 1995, the exertion of coconut in the Philippines had go through a 6.5% annual growth and later surpassed Indonesia in total outturn in the world.31 The Philippines is also the worlds largest producer of pineapples, with 2,198 thousand mensurable tons.32 Rice Production in the Philippines is important to the food supply in the country and economy. The country is the 8th largest strain producer in the world, chronicle for 2.8% of global rice production.33 However, the country is also the worlds largest rice importer in 2010.34 Rice is the most important food crop, a basic food in most of the country. It is produced extensively in Luzon, the Western Visayas, southerly Mindanao, and Central Mindanao.Shipbuilding and repairThe Philippines is a study player in the global shipbuilding labor with shipyards in Subic, Cebu, General Santos City and Batan float.3536 It became the poop largest shipbuilding nation in 2010.3738 Subic-made cargo vessels are now exported to countries where merchant vessels operators are based. South Koreas Hanjin started production in Subic in 2007 of the 20 ships ordered by German and Greek shipping operators.39 The countrys shipyards are now building ships like bulk carriers, container ships and big passenger ferries. General Santos shipyard is mainly for ship repair and maintenance.40 Being surrounded by waters, the country has abundant natural deep-sea ports ideal for development as production, construction and repair sites. On top of the current operating shipyards, cardinal additional shipyards in Misamis Oriental and Cagayan province are being spread out to support future locators. It has a vast manp ower pool of 60,000 restricted welders that comprise the bulk of workers in shipbuilding. In the ship repair sector, the Navotas interwoven in Metro Manila is expected to accommodate 96 vessels for repair.41 self-propelledThe ABS apply in Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Volvo cars are made in the Philippines. Ford,42 Toyota,43 Mitsubishi, Nissan and Honda are the most prominent automakers manufacturing cars in the country.citation needed Kia and Suzuki produce small cars in the country. Isuzu also produces SUVs in the country. Honda and Suzuki produce motorcycles in the country. A 2003 Canadian market research report predicted that further investments in this sector were expected to grow in the following years. Toyota sells the most vehicles in the country.44 By 2011, Chinas Chery Automobile phoner is going to build their assembly plant in Laguna, that will religious service and export cars to other countries in the region if monthly sales would pull in 1,000 units.45AerospaceAerospac e products in the Philippines are mainly for the export market and include manufacturing split for aircraft built by both Boeing and Airbus. British lodge MOOG, is the biggest aerospace manufacturer with base in Baguio in the Cordillera region. The company produces aircraft actuators in their manufacturing facility. Another British company British Aerospace is to open manufacturing facility in southern Philippines for the manufacture of galleys used in aircraft cabin.46 In 2011, the total export output of aerospace products in the Philippines reached US $3 billion.47ElectronicsIntel has been in the Philippines for 28 years as a major producer of products, including the Pentium 4 processor. A Texas Instruments plant in Baguio has been operating for 20 years and is the largest producer of DSP chips in the world.48 Texas Instruments Baguio plant produces all the chips used in Nokia cell phones and 80% of chips used in Ericsson cell phones in the world.49 Until 2005, Toshiba laptops w ere produced in Santa Rosa, Laguna. Presently the Philippine plants focus is in the production of hard disk drives. Printer manufacturer Lexmark has a factory in Mactan in the Cebu region. tap and extractionThe country is rich with mineral and geothermal energy resources. In 2003, it produced 1931 MW of electricity from geothermal sources (27% of total electricity production), second only to the United States,50 and a recent discovery of natural gas reserves in the Malampaya oil fields off the island of Palawan is already being used to generate electricity in three gas-powered plants. Philippine gold, nickel, bull and chromite deposits are among the largest in the world. Other important minerals include silver, coal, gypsum, and sulphur. Significant deposits of clay, limestone, marble, silica, and phosphate exist. About 60% of total mining production are accounted for by non-metallic minerals, which contributed substantially to the industrys steady output growth amid 1993 and 1998 , with the value of production growing 58%. In 1999, however, mineral production declined 16% to $793 million.citation needed Mineral exports have generally slowed since 1996.Led by copper cathodes, Philippine mineral exports amounted to $650 million in 2000, barely up from 1999 levels. mild metal prices, high production costs, lack of investment in infrastructure, and a challenge to the new mining law have contributed to the mining industrys overall decline.citation needed The industry rebounded starting in late 2004 when the lordly Court upheld the constitutionality of an important law permitting foreign ownership of Philippines mining companies.citation needed However, the DENR has withal to approve the revised Department Administrative Order (DAO) that will provide the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Financial and Technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA), the specific part of the 1994 Mining Act that allows 100% foreign ownership of Philippines mines.citation neededOffs horing and outsourcingAccording to an IBM Global fixture Trends Annual Report, as of December 2010update the Philippines has surpassed India as the world leader in commerce process outsourcing.5152 The majority of the top ten BPO firms of the United States blend in the Philippines.citation needed Total jobs in the industry grew to 100,000 and total revenues were placed at $960 million for 2005. In 2012, BPO sector employment ballooned to over 700,000 people and is bring to a growing middle class. BPO facilities are located mainly in Metro Manila and Cebu City although other regional areas such as Baguio, Bacolod, Cagayan de Oro, Clark Freeport Zone, Dagupan, Davao City, Legazpi, Dumaguete, Lipa, Iloilo City, and CamSur are now being promoted and developed for BPO operations. Call centers began in the Philippines as plain providers of email response and managing services and is now a major source of employment.Call center services include customer relations, ranging from trigger services, technical support, education, customer care, financial services, online business to customer support, and online business to business support. Business process outsourcing (BPO) is regarded as one of the fastest growing industries in the world. The Philippines is also considered as location of choice due to its less pricy operational and labor costs and high proficiency in mouth English and highly educated labor pool. In 2011, the business process outsourcing industry in the Philippines generated 700 thousand jobs53 and some US$11 billion in revenue,54 24 percent higher than 2010. By 2016, the industry is project to reach US$27.4 billion in revenue with employment contemporaries to almost double at 1.3 million workers.55

Prevalence Of Stroke In India Health And Social Care Essay

In most of the cert personalised states, cerebrovascular diagonal or savour is a common motility of sink and disablement. Stroke ranks third as a cause of decease after bosom sickness and malignant neop bearic disease in U.S.A and U.K. The yearly economic disbursal due to cerebrovascular accident has been estimated to transcend 7 billion dollars in U.S.A. Prevalence topographic point reported for cerebrovascular accident universe broad vary between 500 to 800 per 1,00,000 population. ( Nolen,2008 )Stroke is the tertiary prima cause of decease in the United States. It accounts for about 1,64,000 mortalities yearly. An estimated 5,50,000 commonwealth experience stroke each twelvemonth. Stroke is overly a head word cause of grownup disablement. In United States more than 4 iodin billion million million gunman subsisters argon populating with changing grade of disablement.Stroke is socio economically in truth all important(predicate) in grayer good deal. Harmonizing to WHO, scenery was the 2nd commonest cause of world-wide fatality rate in 1990 and the 3rd commonest cause of mortality in more developed states it was besides the ground for about 4A4 million deceases worldwide. In 1999, the configuration of deceases due to stroke ailing 5A54 million worldwide, and twain-thirds of these befallred in less(prenominal) developed states. Stroke was shew to be a major cause of long- go away disablement and, has potentially tremendous emotional and socioeconomic effect for tolerants, their households, and health services. The case-fatality rate due to stroke varies from 11.7 % to 32.4 % . An estimated 15 million people worldwide survived minor centering each twelvemonth and about 4,800,000 in the USA, in which 50 % of instances each twelvemonth are in expectant females. ( wellness Statistics for US,2002 )The incidence of peter in the U.S has declined, but there is no diminution in the badness. Harmonizing to background information it is a taking neurologic cause of long destination disablement. ( Davidson,2008 ) .Annually an estimated 50,000 individuals in Canada suffer from flavor. thither is 5.4 million persons who bear a history of shot and up to 3,00,000 shot subsisters in Canada. Each twelvemonth about 16,000 dice from shot in Canada. ( Hock s article, 2003 )The prevalence of shot varies. Over the last 30 old festers at that place has been a definite improver in the prevalence and incidence of shot in India ( The Hindu, March 2008 )The prevalence of shot in India scopes from 40 to 270 per 100 000 population. Approximately 12 % of all shots occur in the population of greater than 40 old ages of age. major dissemble factors are high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, baccy usage, and low haemoglobin degrees. In major infirmaries 2 per centum of infirmary enrollments, 1.5 per centum of medical enrollments and 9 to 30 per centum of neurological admittances histories for stroke.The National Commission on Macroe conomics and Health has pointed out that instances of shot would gain from 1,081,480 in 2000 to 1,667,372 in 2015. The ICMR comply on Burden of Disease ( 2005 ) has make up that there has been an addition in the figure of shot instances in India during the last one and a half decennaries by 17.5 % . in that respect was besides an addition in mortality rate by 7.8 %Dr. Ashok cites that statistically India may be seeing any bit galore(postnominal) as 200 shots for every 100,000 cross subdivision of the population.Dr. RK Srivastava ( 2008 ) estimated that 3 million adult females and 2.5 million study forces worldwide dice from shot every twelvemonth, and in developed states it is the 3rd commonest cause of decease. In China it is the taking cause of long term disablement since about two-thirds of patients require rehabilitation. Almost 10 % of shot patients cured wholly, 25 % showed minor damage, 40 % had moderate to severe damages that requisite particular attending.Dr. D N agaraj ( 2007 ) discussed on the quickly increa blether shot misdirect due to altering population with increa prate life anticipation. There is a broad fluctuation in the incidence ( 13-105/100,000 ) , prevalence ( 52-842/100,000 ) of shot crossways the state and in the past decennaries. Case human death ranges from 11.7 % -32 % .The ischaemic shots account for 70 % to 80 % . The surveies nevertheless, have reported a high per centum of haemorrhagic shots. The individual most of import hazard factor is found to be high blood pressure.The prevalence of smoking baccy varies from 28 % to 50 % in different surveies and of intoxicant usage ranged from 1.5 % to 47 % . Hypercoagulopathies accounted for 6 % of shot, hyperhomocysteinemia was recorded to be high in 40 % of storke lymph glands. 57 % of diability have been recorded in most surveies.Shymal K. Das and Tapas K. Banerjee ( 2003 ) conducted a population ground survey on shot in Kolkata to notice out the prevalence, incidence a nd instance human death hazards. The learnings shows that, the prevalence and incidence rates of shot in this survey are similar to or higher than many surveies conducted in western states. The entire instance human death rates in India is among the highest class of shot human death in the universe.In 2006,105 instances were detected in 6 months in Tamil Nadu, among which 36 % were of age less than 40yrs,39 % were of 40-60yrs of age. The survey shows that 26 % of clients had a old history of shot. 8 out of 11 screened for homocysteinemia.Epidemiologic surveies on shot published on equal reviewed diaries during the past 10 old ages were identified utilizing MEDLINE and pubmed hunts and were reviewed utilizing the attainion of WHO s shot compound Infobase. Harmonizing to WHO, the figure of stroke events is proposed to increase from 1.1 million per twelvemonth in 2000 to more than 1.5 million per twelvemonth in 2025. ( World Health Organisation 2007 )In 2005, estimations indicated t hat 58 million people died, in which degenerative diseases accounted for 35 million deceases ( 60 % ) . Cardiovascular diseases, chiefly bosom disease and shot caused 17A5 million deceases Stroke is the 2nd prima individual cause of decease, with 5A8 million fatal instances per twelvemonth, 40 % of which are in people of age less than 70 old ages. About 15 million new instances occur every twelvemonth, and about 55 million people have experienced shot in the yesteryear, either with or without residuary disability.By 2025, four out of five shot events will happen in people populating in these parts. ( International Stroke Surveillance, 2005 )Around half of shot subsisters suffer with important disablement. Physiotherapy will help in recovering every bit much motion and map as possible. Neurological shot physical therapy helps to better balance and walking, increases ability to achieve simple to complex undertakings, cut down cramp, hurting and stiffness. It besides helps to increas e strength, to retain normal forms of motion, additions affected appendages map and increases energy degree. ( Samuel.J et.al,2008 )The research workers besides ascertained that most of the patients were dependent in run intoing the selftism assist activities. Nurses are frequently in the forepart of stroke learning. Health instruction is a critical measure in accomplishing conformity. Patients understanding may find the ultimate success of the rehabilitation and better the ability.Since shot with unilateral palsy is a major job, the self concern abilities of a patient should be identified and should be taught to be self-reliant in run intoing their ain demands.The research worker from her short period of clinical experience has observed that most of the shot patients have unequal cognition sing causes, statement and head off. Therefore people should be encouraged to cognize about these facets. peach the big figure of patients admitted in the infirmary, the research worke r is of the sentiment that the wellness instruction booklet needs to be prepared which will helper the patients to acquire cognition on cause, thrill, bar and to better their ego precaution ability.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A survey to measure the cognition and to place the ego attention abilities of shot patients in Senthil Multi Speciality Hospital, Erode, Tamil Nadu .OBJECTIVES OF THE scanTo measure the cognition of patients sing shot.To place the ego attention abilities of shot patients.To happen out the alliance between cognition and self attention abilities of shot patients.To find the association of cognition and self attention abilities with selected socio demographic variables of shot patients.To fix a wellness instruction booklet on shot.OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONSAppraisalIt refers to statistical measuring of cognition of patients about shotKNOWLEDGEIt refers to patients awareness sing significance, causes, hazard factors, marks and symptoms, diagnostic steps, direction and bar of secondary shot battery.StrokeIt refers to a neurologic alterations caused by an break in the blood supply to a portion of the encephalon. hemiplegiaIt refers to neurological shortage in which there is functional disablement of one side of the organic structure.DesignationIt refers to a action or role of finding the ego attention abilities of shot patients.SELF deal out ABILITIESIt refers to those activities that the patient is able to complete strong-mindedly.PatientsIt refers to clients admitted with shot and receiving intervention for more than 3 hebdomads. health EDUCATION PAMPHLETIt refers to information in a written frame sing definition, causes, hazard factors, clinical manifestations, hospital direction and place attention direction of shot.PremisePatients will hold unequal cognition sing shot.Patients who had stroke face assorted self attention shortage in their recovery period.RestrictionStudy was limited to stroke patients with unilateral paralysis who ar e admitted for more than 3 hebdomads in one peculiar infirmary, so the findings can non be prevalentized.Patients who are in the age group of 35-65 old ages.Study was limited merely to 40 patients.Study was limited to those who are willing to take part in the survey. conceptionUAL FRAMEWORKA conceptual model is a set of constructs and propositions that spell out the relationship between them. The overall intent is to do scientific findings meaningful and generalisable. Concepts are the mental images of phenomena and are the edifice blocks of the survey.Polit and Hungler ( 1999 ) states that the conceptual model is an interconnected construct of abstractions that are assembled together in some strategy by their relevance to a common thing. This is a device that helps to excite research and the addition of cognition by supplying both way and drift.The present survey is aimed at measuring the ego attention ability and cognition of shot patients in Senthil Multi Speciality Hospital, Erode.The conceptual model selected for the survey is based on Orem s self attention shortage theory ( 1985 ) . Orem defined self attention as learned, end oriented activity say toward the ego in the involvement of keeping life, wellness development and good being.Major CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONSOrem labels her ego attention theory of nursing as a general theory composed of three related constructs.THE CONCEPT OF SELF CAREDescribes and explains self attention. What the client should execute to keep hygiene. In this survey it is the ego attention activities performed by the client homogeneous bathing, dressing, combing, eating, ambulation, lavatory usage and placement.THE CONCEPT OF SELF CARE DEFICITDescribes and explains why people can be helped through nursing.In this survey it is the province in which the client is non able to execute the ego attention activities ( bathing, dressing, eating, ambulation, intestine and bladder control ) or the dependence degree that require aid in r un intoing the ends.THE CONCEPT OF treat SYSTEMIt is a uninterrupted series or actions that are directed to run into individual s curative ego attention demand.There are three types of nursing systemWHOLLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEMIf the client is unable to execute actions, the system is entirely compensatory that is the oblige performs all actions. In this survey, it refers to the to the full dependent shot clients or those requires assistance to execute their activities of daily life like bathing, dressing, combing, eating, vesica and intestine control, ambulation and placement.PARTIALLY COMPENSATORY SYSTEMIf the nurse and patient portion the duty, the system is partly compensatory. In this survey, it refers to the partly independent and partly dependent shot clients those who requires moderate aid by the important others or nurse in executing the activities of day-to-day life like feeding, bathing, ambulation, placement.SUPPORTIVE EDUCATIVE SYSTEMWhen a patient provides all self car e necessitating motions and lone instruction is required as a power grid to activity so it is supportive educative system. In this survey, it refers to the to the full independent shot clients, those who are able to make the ego attention activities and requires wellness instruction sing bar of accidents, safe bed to leave and chair to bed transportation techniques, importance of early rehabilitation to better the societal activities and steps to forestall the secondary shot onslaught.SELF CARE sanctionIt is the person s ability to execute self care activities. It consists of two agencies.sSELF CARE moverThe individual who provides the ego attention. In this survey, the ego attention mover is client s with shot.DEPENDENT CARE AGENTThe individual other than the person who provides attention. In this survey, the dependant attention agent is the research worker, who assesses the cognition sing significance, hazard factors, causes, marks and symptoms, direction and bar of secondary shot onslaught.THERAPEUTIC SELF CARE DEMAND healthful ego attention demand is the summing up of ego attention actions to be performed for some continuance of clip and in some location to run into self care necessities particularized for a individual.In this survey, it refers to the impart cognition sing significance, causes, hazard factors, marks and symptoms, direction and bar of secondary shot onslaught and do the patient to execute self attention sing personal lavatory, eating, lavatory usage, vesica and intestine control, ambulation.This chapter dealt with the debut, demand for the survey, statement of the job, aim of the survey, operative definitions, premises, restriction and conceptual model.